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CARTHAGE
In North-West Africa the empire of Carthage, founded by early Phoenicians, grew to rival Rome and after successive conflicts to maintian its freedom in the face of Roman agression, was destroyed by her in 146 bc. It boasted one of the greatest libraries of the ancient world. 
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Like all centralist imperial powers and religions in all ages (including our own), imperial Rome had little regard for the treasure houses of learning of its victims: Julius Caesar on burning the athenaeum of Alexandria destroyed 700,000 volumes; Marc Antony stole and destroyed 200,000 items from the library of Peragmum: thee were following a tradition of wanton destruction: during the time of the Imperial Republic Rome erased Carthage itself from the map in 146bc and dstroyed its library of 500,000 items to ashes.
 
Sitting on the northwesy tip opf afruca Carthage was at its zenith nboyt only an empire but a maritime trading power of oustanding skillt: travelling all over and mapping the entire North-Western seaboard of Europe and the western coasts of Africa- some say even beyond. And it is rumoured that the Pheonicians-Cartheginians themselves learnt some of their craft from an earlier people who had fled Atlantis and settled in what became Carthage.
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